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On completion of this training sequence,

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you will be able to discipline yourself
to practice and improve skills

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like correcting errors in the subtitles
for several purposes,

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depending on the working context.

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In particular, you are going to learn
how to quickly correct a transcript,

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how to create a full transcript
for different professional purposes,

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like the proceedings of a conference,
a full report, or the minutes of a meeting,

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and finally you will learn
how to create a transcript

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that can be used to subtitle a video.

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This is the agenda.

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After the meeting, 

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your client may ask you to provide them
with the text of your subtitles.

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However, it is important to first educate
your client about what to expect.

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Live subtitles
are indeed for communication purposes,

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not a full transcript.

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It may contain mistakes.

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Plus, this is considered by some colleagues
as an extra service

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that the client should pay for.

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If you decide you are going to give them
the transcript as per the subtitles,

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it might be necessary to correct them.

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The quickest and easiest way to do it
is using a spell check.

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For example, within Microsoft Word.

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This will allow you to avoid spelling mistakes,

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which are the first criterion
clients use to assess the quality of your job.

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However, the subtitles may contain
proper names, technical names and realia.

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If correctly introduced
during the pre editing phase,

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there should be no problem with that.

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However,
you may have made a mistake sooner or later.

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Furthermore,
the pre editing work is rarely exhaustive

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and some new names may have been pronounced
during the event.

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In case of proper names, you can always ask
participants directly or the organisers

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or you can do a quick research
on the Internet.

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After that, I always do a grammar check as well,

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as some sentences may contain grammar mistakes
that the spell check does not spot.

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When correcting a sentence,

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make sure you understand or remember
the meaning of that sentence

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and avoid inventing things
that have not been said.

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In the doubt, leave it out.

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Before giving the transcript to my clients,

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I usually also care of the layout
as it always gives a positive impression.

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In particular, I care about the character size
and font, the spacing, the paragraphing

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and I finally give a title to the transcript.

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Don't forget to recall your client
you did this service,

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by introducing your name
either at the beginning or end of the document

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or by personalising
the document's heading or footing.

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You may be interested in creating
a template file

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so as to avoid having to redo it all the time.

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These three steps will allow you to be sure
you are providing the client with a product

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that contains all important concepts,
without evident mistakes, and nice to look at.

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If the text should be improved even further 

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because your client wants a full transcript
for whatever professional purpose,

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then you need to ask them
a copy of the event videorecording.

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Depending on how much you quoted this service,

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you first need to understand
how much time you want to spend on that

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and schedule your time accordingly.

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Then,
you can simultaneously listen to the recording

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and check the text of your subtitles
to optimise your job.

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As in the case of a draft,

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check whether all messages are there,
that spelling and grammar are correct

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and that the layout allows
for good readability. ​

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Besides that, spend more time understanding

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if you did not miss
any secondary piece of information,

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as this is the basis for any full report.​

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Depending on the working context,

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you may need to create
a full transcript for several purposes,

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like conference proceedings,
parliamentary reporting,

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creating the minutes of a meeting,
the syllabus of a class.

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In any case,
remember that these are professional products

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and that you do a different job.

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So, unless you have a training
in these fields,

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avoid presenting your full transcript
as a report, as a syllabus,

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as the minutes of a meeting
or the proceedings of a conference.

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What you can do instead
is to provide the client with a usable text

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that is going to facilitate
the job of the professional

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caring about the final result.

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Proceedings are the text published
by the organisers of a conference

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to record what has been said by speakers.

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Normally, they either ask speakers directly
to provide a written version of their speech,

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or they may ask you to go for that,
to then ask speakers for a final check.

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In this case,
go for grammatically correct sentences,

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and avoid repeating
every single verbal and nonverbal utterance,

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as the content is more important.

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Remember that proceedings are not
a word for word rendition of what was said.

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Because of a difference between the spoken form
and the written form of many languages,

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it is advisable to care of the form

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and avoid writing down every single sound
that comes out of the mouth of the speakers.

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By doing this, you will also avoid to spend
too much time on that.

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You can even leave a comment to the speaker

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in case of doubts or evident inconsistencies.

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In the case of the minutes of a meeting,

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again content is more important than form,
so go for the essential.

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However, in a meeting,
decisions are taken,

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so avoid leaving out things
that you simply did not understand.

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Again, leave a message
to the user of your transcript

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to inform them about that.

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Finally,
in the case of a parliamentary report,

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form is most important.

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Be accurate and avoid reformulating sentences
only because you would word them differently

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or because they sound odd
and avoid correcting an MP bad grammar.​

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In general, it may happen

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that the subtitles contain
a lot of reformulation or not all concepts.

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In this case, you can even think
of redoing the transcript from scratch,

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as it is sometimes less time consuming
than checking and completing a text

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that does not really match
the original speech.​

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A special case is your client requesting
a subtitle file or a subtitled video.

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A subtitle file is a synchronized text file

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that can be added to a video
to come to a subtitled video.

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A subtitled video is a video
with open subtitles or closed subtitles.

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As in the previous case,
this is a job for professionals.

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However,
you can always facilitate the subtitler job

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by producing a transcript that is usable.

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Some online video-sharing platforms
even have a system

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that allows you to upload a transcript,

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and then they will synchronise it.

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To create a transcript
that is good for subtitling purposes,

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remember that
one of the main characteristics of a subtitle

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is that it is on maximum two liners.

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So, create chunks of text
distributed on one or two liners.

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After that, you press enter twice
and create a new chunk of text.

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Another important feature
is the number of characters per subtitle.

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This should be limited to allow the viewer

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to easily read the text of the subtitles
in a limited time.

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This number varies
depending on countries and media,

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and ranges between 35 to 50 per line.

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Another characteristic is that each subtitle
should contain an idea unit

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and a grammatically finished sentence
or clause.

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So, edit by means of easy punctuation
when possible.

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Finally, remember
that a subtitle should be readable,

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meaning that if a speaker speaks too quickly,
you may want to reduce a sentence

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or the whole speech
to facilitate the viewer’s experience.

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Other concepts like synchronization,
line breaking, file formatting,

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speaker identification, reading speed,
minimum gap, minimum and maximum duration,

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and several others are too technical
to be included in this video lecture.

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In this video lecture,
we have dealt with post editing,

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or correcting our subtitles
once the event is over.

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In particular, we have seen
how to quickly correct a transcript

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as an extra service to the client.

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Then, we have seen how to create
a full transcript

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for different professional purposes
like the proceedings of a conference,

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the report of a parliamentary session
or the minutes of an event.

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Finally, we have also seen
how to make a subtitled video.

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Better, we have seen how to produce a text
that can be used to subtitle a video.